Association of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and COVID-19 in a pediatric patient
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17879/freeneuropathology-2021-3388Keywords:
SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis (AHLE), Acute necrotizing encephalopathy of childhood (ANEC), DemyelinatingAbstract
Cases of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and its hyperacute form, acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis (AHLE), have been reported in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients as rare, but most severe neurological complications. However, histopathologic evaluations of ADEM/AHLE pathology in COVID patients are extremely limited, so far having only been reported in a few adult autopsy cases. Here we compare the findings with an ADEM-like pathology in a pediatric patient taken through a biopsy procedure. Understanding the neuropathology may shed informative light on the autoimmune process affecting COVID-19 patients and provide critical information to guide the clinical management.
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