BiCO2

Aims

Forests are important carbon sinks in times of climate change. Significant amounts of carbon are stored in wood and soil organic matter.
It is therefore of great importance to consider the function of forests not only as habitats but also as carbon sinks in future management decisions. Sustainable and near-natural forest management plays a central role in maintaining forest ecosystem functioning.
The aim of the project is a synoptic view of the carbon balance and biodiversity - above and below ground - in order to correctly assess the various functions of forests and to prevent unsustainable developments. Our project will help to better assess the performance of forests in terms of forestry intensity, biodiversity and carbon storage.

From November 24-26, 2023, a symposium will be held in Münster at Ilök as part of the project. Information on registration is available in this flyer.

Methods

Our project involves the four most common forest types of Germany:

1) Beech forests on acidic soils (study area: Arnsberger Wald)
2) Beech forests on nutrient-rich soils (study area: Egge foothills)
3) Oak and hornbeam forests on wet-dry soils (study area: Münsterland)
4) Mixed oak forests on acidic soils (study area: Lower Rhine)

50 study plots will be established in all four study areas.

The following data will be sampled on all 200 plots:

• above-ground carbon stores
• below-ground carbon stores
• microhabitats
• forest development phases
• biomass (living / dead wood)
• soil data (soil profile, soil organic matter, soil microbiology)
• below-ground biodiversity (earthworms, springtails)
• above-ground biodiversity (breeding birds, beetles, lichen and mosses, vegetation)

Another part of the project is to investigate the effects of logging trails. Heavy harvesting machines cause soil compaction, and therefore lead to changes in soil structure and chemistry. Those changes may affect microbiological activities with consequences for soil fertility, degradation processes and humification.
We will investigate logging trails in all study areas, and collect data on soil physical, chemical and microbiological properties.

We further aim to examine the influence of tillage measures. Little is known about how the large-scale use of forest mulchers or forest milling machines in clear-cut or calamity areas affects carbon storages and nutrient cycling as well as the biodiversity of forest soils. Since the tillage measures are now almost exclusively carried out in private forests, these investigations will focus on 10 locations in the oak and hornbeam forests of the Münsterland.

More information can be found here [german]:

• Flyer
• Poster

Partners

This project is a collaboration between the nature-conservation NGO NABU Naturschutzstation Münsterland, the state forestry company Wald und Holz Nordrhein-Westfalen and the Institute of Landscape Ecology (ILÖK) at Münster University. The project is funded by the Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture and the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety with funds from the Forest Climate Fund (“Waldklimafonds”).

Official website of the project: https://bico2.de

The project partners have already implemented a joint project from 2014-2018 in the framework of the forest climate fund: “Fit für den Klimawandel“

Project partners:

Sponsored by:

Awarded by:

Publications

Publications in Journals

• Elmer, M., Bieker, D., Greiving, K., Tecker, A., Brinkert, A., Hölzel, N. & Linnemann, B. (2018): Monitoring und Begleitforschung von Feuchtwäldern. AFZ-DerWald Nr. 2/2018: 19-21.

• Fornfeist, M., Elmer, M., Hamer, U. & B. Linnemann (2023): BiCO2-Projekt: Handlungsempfehlungen für die Forstpraxis, AFZ DerWALD, 21, 28-29

• Greiving, K., Brinkert, A., Wertebach, T.-M., Elmer, M., Bieker, D., Linnemann, B. & Hölzel, N. (2018): Kohlenstoffvorräte in Feuchtwäldern der Westfälischen Tiefebene. AFZ-DerWald Nr. 2/2018: 22-24.

• Hamer, U., Klein-Raufhake, T., Meyer, M., Schaper, J. & K. Rentemeister (2023): Kohlenstoffspeicherung in Wäldern Nordrhein-Westfalens, AFZ DerWALD, 21, 21-23

• Klein-Raufhake, T., Schaper, J., Hölzel, N. & U. Hamer (2023): Einfluss der Waldbewirtschaftung auf bodenökologische Prozesse, AFZ DerWALD, 21, 17-20

• Linnemann, B., Elmer, M., Tecker, A., Greving, K., Bieker, D., Hochhäuser, H.-P., Wälter, T., Wertebach, T.-M. & Hölzel, N. (2018): Fit für den Klimawandel – Anpassung von Feuchtwäldern an den Klimawandel. Natur und Landschaft 93: 562-568.

• Meyer, M., Schaper, J., Santora, L., Wöllecke, J., & N. Hölzel (2023): Effekte der Waldbewirtschaftung auf die Biodiversität, AFZ DerWALD, 21, 24-27

• Santora, L., Fornfeist, M., Wöllecke, J. & M. Elmer (2023): Einfluss der Waldbewirtschaftung auf die Strukturvielfalt, AFZ DerWALD, 21, 14-16

• Wöllecke, J., Elmer, M., Hamer, U., Hölzel, N. & B. Linnemann (2023): BiCO2 – Biodiversität und Kohlenstoffspeicherung in Wäldern, AFZ DerWALD, 21, 12-13

Poster

• Schaper, J.J., Elmer, M., Fornfeist, M., Hamer, U., Klein-Raufhake, T., Kutscheidt, A., Linnemann, B., Meyer, M., Santora, L., Schlager, T., Schmellekamp, A., Schmiedel, B., Wöllecke, J. & N. Hölzel (2023): Skid trails enrich the forest habitat by ruderal plant communities, Annual Meeting of the GfÖ, Leipzig

• Santora, L., Elmer, M., Fornfeist, M., Hamer, U., Hölzel, N., Klein-Raufhake, T., Kurowski, L., Linnemann, B., Meyer, M., Nordmann, R., Schaper, J.J. & J. Wöllecke (2023): The occurrence of tree-related microhabitats is influenced by forest management intensity, Annual Meeting of the GfÖ, Leipzig

• Klein-Raufhake, T., Elmer, M., Fornfeist, M., Linnemann, B., Meyer, M., Santora, L., Schaper, J.J., Wöllecke, J., Hölzel, N., & U. Hamer (2023): Skid trails impact carbon budgets and nutrient turnover in managed forests, Annual Meeting of the GfÖ, Leipzig

• Meyer, M., Elmer, M., Fornfeist, M., Freude-Waltermann, A., Greiving, K., Hamer, U., Klein-Raufhake, T., Linnemann, B., Santora, L., Schaper, J.J., Wöllecke, J & N. Hölzel (2022): Biodiversität und Kohlenstoffspeicherung in Wäldern unterschiedlicher Nutzungsintensität, Waldklimafond-Conference, Göttingen, Germany
• Wöllecke, J., Elmer, M., Fornfeist, M., Greiving, K., Hamer, U., Kalthoff, H.M., Linnemann, B., Meyer, M., Santora, L., Schaper, J.J., Siegemund, K.& N. Hölzel (2022): Einfluss der Forstbewirtschaftung auf das Vorkommen der Vögel, Waldklimafond-Conference, Göttingen, Germany
• Wöllecke, J., Fornfeist, M., Meyer, M., Elmer, M., Freude-Waltermann, A., Greiving, K., Hamer, U., Klein-Raufhake, T., Linnemann, B., Santora, L., Schaper, J.J. & N. Hölzel (2022): Biodiversität und Kohlenstoffspeicherung in Wäldern unterschiedlicher Nutzungsintensität, 50 years of natural forest reserves in North Rhine – Westphalia, Bonn, Germany

Talks

• Meyer, M., Elmer, M., Fornfeist, M., Hamer, U., Klein-Raufhake, T., Kurowski, L., Linnemann, B., Santora, L., Schaper, J.J., Wöllecke, J. & N. Hölzel (2023): Trophic levels and functional guilds are differentially susceptible to management of forests, Annual Meeting of the GfÖ 2023 in Leipzig, Germany

• Hölzel, N., Meyer, M., Klein-Raufhake, T., Schaper, J.J., Santora, L., Fornfeist, M., Elmer, M., Linnemann, B., Wöllecke, J. & U. Hamer (2023): Impact of forest management intensity and abiotic site conditions on carbon sequestration, Annual Meeting of the GfÖ 2023 in Leipzig, Germany

• Wöllecke, J., Burkhardt, U., Elmer, M., Fornfeist, M., Hamer, U., Hölzel, N., Jänsch, S., Meyer, M., Olsen, M., Klein-Raufhake, T., Kurowski, L., Santora, L., Schaper, J.J., Scheffczyk, A. & B. Linnemann (2023): Belowground coenosis react on forest management, Annual Meeting of the GfÖ 2023 in Leipzig, Germany

• Fornfeist, M., Hamer, U., Hölzel, N., Klein-Raufhake, T., Kurowski, L., Linnemann, B., Meyer, M., Santora, L., Schaper, J.J., Wöllecke, J. & M. Elmer (2023): Biodiversität und Kohlenstoffspeicher in Wäldern unterschiedlicher Nutzungsintensität, Forstwissenschaftliche Tagung in Dresden, Germany

• Hamer, U., Meyer, M. Elmer, M., Fornfeist, M., Klein-Raufhake, T., Kurowski, L., Linnemann, B., Rentemeister, K., Santora, L., Schaper, J.J., Wöllecke, J. and N. Hölzel (2023): Biodiversität und Kohlenstoffspeicher in Wäldern unterschiedlicher Nutzungsintensität, Meeting of the DBG, Halle, Germany

• Meyer, M., Elmer, M., Fornfeist, M., Hamer, U., Klein-Raufhake, T., Kurowski, L., Linnemann, B., Santora, L., Schaper, J.J., Wöllecke, J., Scherber, C. & N. Hölzel (2023): Effekte von Waldstruktur und Waldnutzung auf die Biodiversität in Buchenwäldern, Meeting of the expert-group „woodpeckers“ of the Deutschen Ornithologen-Gesellschaft e.V., Hainich National Park

• Meyer, M., Elmer, M., Fornfeist, M., Hamer, U., Klein-Raufhake, T., Linnemann, B., Rentemeister, K., Santora, L., Wölecke, J. und N. Hölzel (2022): Biodiversity and carbon sequestration in forests along a management intensity gradient, joint meeting of the sfe2-GfÖ-eef, Metz, France
• Fornfeist, M. und M. Elmer: Biodiversität und Kohlenstoffspericherung in Wäldern unterscheidlicher Nutzungsintensität (2022), 6th meeting of Netzwerk Renaturierung, Osnabrück, Germany
• Hamer, U., Klein-Raufhake, T., Meyer, M. & N. Hölzel (2022): Biodiversität und Stoffumsatzprozesse in Waldböden unterschiedlicher Nutzungsintensität, Meeting of the DBG, Trier, Germany