Prof. Dr. Tobias Lenz, University of Hamburg

Functional variation and evolution of HLA immune genes

HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen) immune genes are pivotal in mediating immune responses and maintaining the delicate balance between immune recognition and tolerance. Their high variability is assumed to be shaped by evolutionary pressures, such as infectious diseases, leading to complex patterns of selection and adaptation. Understanding the mechanisms underlying HLA gene variability is crucial for insights into immune function and susceptibility to both infectious and autoimmune diseases. Here I will share some recent insights into the evolutionary dynamics of HLA genes, highlighting factors that contribute to their diversity and adaptation over time. A better comprehension of the intricate workings of the adaptive immune system will improve our ability to develop personalized medicine, vaccines, and therapies targeting immune-related disorders. This research thus underscores the benefit of taking an evolutionary medicine perspective in human health and disease.

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