Publications

2019

• Spatial Learning with Orientation Maps: The Influence of Different Environmental Features on Spatial Knowledge Acquisition
  Löwen Heinrich, Krukar Jakub, Schwering Angela
  ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information
• Route Schematization With Polygonal Landmarks
  Galvão M, Krukar J, Nöllenburg M, Schwering A
  2nd Schematic Mapping Workshop
• Wayfinding Through Orientation: Schematizing Landmark, Route and Survey Information in a Single Map
  Schwering Angela, Galvão Marcelo, Löwen Heinrich, Krukar Jakub, Schick Wiebke
  2nd Schematic Mapping Workshop
• Functional Scales in Assisted Wayfinding
  Löwen H, Krukar J, Schwering A
  COSIT 2019

2018

• Towards automatically generating maps for wayfinding and orientation
  Löwen Heinrich, Krukar Jakub, Schwering Angela
  21th AGILE International Conference on Geographic Information Science
• How should Orientation Maps look like?
  Löwen Heinrich, Krukar Jakub, Schwering Angela
  21th AGILE International Conference on Geographic Information Science
• Spatial distribution of local landmarks in route-based sketch maps
  A. Anacta Vanessa Joy, Li Rui, Löwen Heinrich, De Lima Galvao Marcelo, Schwering Angela
  Spatial Cognition 2018
• Distinguishing Sketch Map Types: A Flexible Feature-Based Classification
  Krukar J, Münzer S, Lörch L, Anacta VJ, Fuest S, Schwering A
  Spatial Cognition 2018
• Evaluating Sketch Maps Qualitatively: A new Software-Supported Method
  Schwering Angela, Jan Sahib, Krukar Jakub, Chipofya Malumbo
  Spatial Cognition 2018
• A Tool for Large-Scale Spatial Behavior Analysis in Indoor Environments
  Schwering Angela, Mukhametov Sergey, Krukar Jakub
  Spatial Cognition 2018
• Schematizing regional landmarks for route maps
  Galvão Marcelo, Krukar Jakub, Schwering Angela
  26th International Symposium on Graph Drawing and Network Visualization

2017

• Perspectives in externalizations of mental spatial representations
  Löwen Heinrich, Schwering Angela, Krukar Jakub, Winter Stephan
  20th AGILE International Conference on Geographic Information Science
• Investigating representations of places with unclear spatial extent in sketch maps
  Anacta,VJ; Humayun, MI, Schwering,A; Krukar, J
  The Annual International Conference on Geographic Information Science (AGILE)
• Wayfinding Through Orientation
  Schwering, A. Krukar, J. Li, R. Anacta, V. J. Fuest, S.
  Spatial Cognition and Computation
• Cognitively Plausible Representations for the Alignment of Sketch and Geo-referenced Maps
  Jan Sahib , Schwering Angela , Schultz Carl , and Chipofya Malumbo
  In: Journal of Spatial Information Science (JOSIS-2017)
• Landmark-Based Navigation in Cognitive Systems
  Krukar J, Schwering A, Anacta VJ
  KI - Künstliche Intelligenz
• Towards Smart Sketch Maps for Community-driven Land Tenure Recording Activities
  Chipofya M, Jan S, Schultz C, Schwering A
  Agile 2017
• Rethinking Wayfinding Support Systems—Introduction
  Krukar J, Schwering A, Löwen H, De Lima Galvao M, Anacta VJ
  COSIT 2017
• Can You Follow Your Own Route Directions: How Familiarity and Spatial Abilities Influence Spatial Performance and Sketch Maps
  Li, R, Anacta VJ, Schwering A
  Spatial Cognition 2016
• Dynamic Visualization Of Transit Information Using Genetic Algorithms For Path Schematization
  Galvao, M.; Ramos, F.; Lamar, M.; Taco, P.
  GIS Ostrava 2017 - Dynamics in GIscience

2016

• Cognitively driven design in geospatial technologies: achieving spatial intelligence in both systems and humans in everyday activities
  Li, R Schwering, A
  UCGIS Research Challenges Initiative at the 2016 UCGIS Symposium
• Orientation information in wayfinding instructions: evidences from human verbal and visual instructions
  Anacta, VJA, Schwering, A, Li,R, Muenzer, S
  GeoJournal
• Visualizing salient features in spatial descriptions
  Anacta,VJA, Krukar,J, Humayun,MI,Schwering,A
  European Workshop on Imagery and Cognition (EWIC)
• What is Orientation?
  Krukar J, Schwering A
  KogWis: 13th Biannual Conference of the German Cognitive Science Society
• Matching Qualitative Constraint Networks with Online Reinforcement Learning
  Malumbo Chipofya
  GCAI 2016. 2nd Global Conference on Artificial Intelligence

2015

• Map-off the city: How uncertain places are represented in sketch maps
  Anacta,VJA, Humayun, MI, Schwering, A
  AGILE International Conference
• Navigating on Web Maps: Route Characteristics and Performance.
  Fuest S, Li R, Schwering A
  18th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information
• RCC11: A Finer Topological Representation for the Alignment of Regions in Sketch Maps
  Jan Sahib , Schwering Angela, Schultz Carl and Chipofya Malumbo
  28th International Workshop on Qualitative Reasoning (QR15)
• SketchMapia: a Framework for Qualitative Alignment of Sketch Maps and Metric Maps (got 2nd best poster award)
  Jan Sahib , Schwering Angela
  18th AGILE-15 conference on Geographic Information Science
• Spatial Rules for Capturing Qualitatively Equivalent Configurations in Sketch maps
  Jan Sahib , Schultz Carl, Schwering Angela, and Chipofya Malumbo
  1st Workshop on Logics for Qualitative Modelling and Reasoning (LQMR'15)
• A metaheuristic approach for efficient and effective sketch-to-metric map alignment
  Chipofya Malumbo, Schultz Carl, Schwering Angela
  International Journal of Geographical Information Science
• A metaheuristic approach for efficient and effective sketch-to-metric map alignment
  Chipofya Malumbo Chaka, Schultz Carl, Schwering Angela
  International Journal of Geographical Information Science
• Left-right relations for Qualitative Representation and Alignment of Planar Spatial Networks
  Malumbo Chipofya, Angela Schwering, Carl Schultz, Emily Harason, and Sahib Jan
  14th Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence
• Invariant Spatial Information in sketch maps - a study of survey sketch maps of urban areas
  Wang J, Schwering A
  Journal of Spatial Information Science (JOSIS)
• Invariant spatial information in sketch maps – a study of survey sketch maps of urban areas
  Wang, J Schwering, A
  Journal of Spatial Information Science

2014

• Qualitative Representations of Extended Spatial Objects in Sketch Maps
  Jan Sahib, Schwering Angela, Chipofya Malumbo, Binor Talakisew
  17th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science (AGILE,2014)
• Routes to Remember: Comparing Verbal Instructions and Sketch Maps
  Anacta, VJ, Wang, J, Schwering, A
  17th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science
• SketchMapia: Qualitative Representations for the Alignment of Sketch and Metric Maps
  Schwering Angela ,Wang Jia, Chipofya Malumbo, Jan Sahib, Li Rui , Broelemann Klaus
  Spatial Cognition and Computation: An Interdisciplinary Journal
• Qualitative Representations of Schematized and Distorted Street Segments in Sketch Maps
  Jan Sahib , Schwering Angela, Chipofya Malumbo , Wang Jia
  Spatial Cognition 2014 Bremen, Germany, 15-19 September 2014
• The Effects of Different Verbal Route Instructions on Spatial Orientation.
  Li R., Fuest S, Schwering, A.
  17th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science
• Determining Hierarchy of Landmarks in Spatial Descriptions
  Anacta,VJ; Schwering, A; Li,R
  Eighth International Conference on Geographic Information Science
• The Use of Local and Global Landmarks across Scales and Modes of Transportation in Verbal Route Instructions
  Schwering A, Li R, Anacta VJA
  Spatial Cognition 2014
• Visualising distant off-screen landmarks on mobile devices to support spatial orientation
  Li, R.; Korda, A.; Radtke, M.; Schwering, A.
  Journal of Location Based Services
• Ordering: A Reliable Qualitative Information for the Alignment of Sketch and Metric Maps
  Jan Sahib , Schwering Angela ,Wang Jia , Chipofya Malumbo
  In International Journal of Cognitive Informatics and Natural Intelligence, (IJCINI-2014).
• It’s GIrls’ Day! What sketch maps show about girls’ spatial knowledge
  Anacta Vanessa Joy, Bartoschek Thomas
  17th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science
• Desenho automatico de mapas octalineares de rede de transporte publico utilizando algoritmo genetico
  de Lima Galvao, Marcelo and Lamar, Marcus Vinicius and Taco, Pastor Willy Gonzales
  TRANSPORTES

2013

• Selecting a Representation for Spatial Vagueness - A Decision Making Approach
  Humayun Mohammed Imaduddin, Schwering Angela
  16th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science
• Sketch Learning by Analogy, The Shape of Things
  Abdel-Fattah, A., Besold, T., Gust, H., Krumnack, U., Kühnberger, K.-U., Schmidt, M., Schneider, S., Schwering, A.
  (SHAPES 2.0), Workshop at 4th World Congress and School on Universal Logic
• Analogies and Analogical Reasoning in Invention
  Kühnberger, K.-U.; Krumnack, U.; Schwering, A.; Besold, T.
• Orientation Information in Different Forms of Route Instructions
  Schwering A, Li R, Anacta V J
  16th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science
• Ori-Gami - An App fostering spatial competency development and spatial learning of children
  Bartoschek Thomas, Schwering Angela, Li Rui, Münzer Stefan
  16th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science
• Ori-Gami - Fostering Spatial Competency Development and Learning
  Bartoschek Thomas, Schwering Angela, Li Rui
  ESRI Education User Conference
• Visualizing Vagueness in Sketch Maps
  Anacta, V J, Humayun, M I, Schwering, A
  Visually-Supported Reasoning with Uncertainty Workshop at Conference On Spatial Information Theory (COSIT) 2013
• Transitional Spaces: Between Indoor and Outdoor Spaces
  Kray C, Fritze H, Fechner T, Schwering A, Li R, Anacta VJA
  Spatial Information Theory - 11th International Conference, COSIT 2013
• Matching Qualitative Spatial Scene Descriptions á la Tabu
  Chipofya Malumbo, Schwering Angela, Binor Talakisew
  12th Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence
• ASET: An Intuitive Data Acquisition-Sketching Tool for Disaster Management Systems
  Al-Salman R., Fraiwan M., Chipofya M., Dylla F., Schmid F.
  AGILE 2013
• An Empirical Study on Pertinent Aspects of Sketch Maps for Navigation
  Wang Jia, Li Rui
  International Journal of Cognitive Informatics and Natural Intelligence

2012

• Representing Vague Places : Determining a Suitable Method
  Humayun Mohammed, Schwering Angela
  Place-Related Knowledge Acquisition Research (P-KAR) workshop, Spatial Cognition 2012
• Usability of Spatio-Temporal Uncertainty Visualisation Methods
  Senaratne, H.; Gerharz, L.; Pebesma, E.; Schwering, A.
  Usability of Spatio-Temporal Uncertainty Visualisation Methods, 15th Conference on Geographic Information Science (AGILE 12)
• GIZeitgeist 2012 - Proceedings of the young researchers forum on Geographic Information Science
  GIZeitgeist 2012 Young Researchers Forum on Geographic Information Science
• Combining DRA and CYC into a Network Friendly Calculus
  Chipofya Malumbo
  20th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ECAI 2012)
• An Empirical Study on Pertinent Aspects of Sketch Maps for Navigation
  Wang J.;Li R
  11th IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Informatics&Cognitive Computing
• A region-based method for sketch map segmentation
  Broelemann Klaus, Jiang Xiaoyi
  Graphic Recognition 2011
• Hierarchical Graph Representation for Symbol Spotting in Graphical Document Images
  Broelemann Klaus, Dutta Anjan, Jiang Xiaoyi, Llados Josep
  Joint IAPR International Workshops on Structural and Syntactic Pattern Recognition and Statistical Techniques in Pattern Recognition

2011

• Usability testing of the interaction of novices with a multi-touch-table in semi public space
  Jokisch, M.; Bartoschek, T.; Schwering, A.
  14th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction
• Understanding and Processing Sketch Maps - Proceedings of the COSIT 2011 Workshop
  Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 11)
• Conference Proceedings Geoinformatik 2011
  Geoinformatik 2011
• Towards cognitively plausible spatial representations for sketch map alignment
  Chipofya Malumbo, Wang Jia, Schwering Angela
  Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT'11)
• An Empirical Study on Relevant Aspects for Sketch Map Alignment
  Wang, J.; Mülligann, C.; Schwering, A.
  14th Conference on Geographic Information Science (AGILE 11)
• Multi-Sketch Alignment in the Context of Volunteered Geographic Information
  Malumbo Chipofya
  14th AGILE International Conference on Geographic Information Science
• Integration of Qualitative Spatial Reasoning into GIS- An Example with SparQ
  Jan Sahib, Chipofya Malumbo
  GEOINFORMATIK-2011 GEOCHANGE
• A System for Automatic Localization and Recognition of Sketch Map Objects
  Broelemann K
  Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 11)
• Automatic street graph construction in sketch maps
  Broelemann K, Jiang X, Schwering A
  Workshop on Graph-based Representations in Pattern Recognition
• Graph-based markerless registration of city maps using geometric hashing
  Jiang X, Broelemann K, Wachenfeld S, Krüger A
  Computer Vision and Image Understanding

2010

• Men to the East and Women to the Right: Wayfinding with Verbal Route Instructions
  Anacta VJ, Schwering A
  Spatial Cognition 2010
• Remarks on the Meaning of Analogical Relations
  Krumnack, U.; Gust, H.; Schwering, A.; Kühnberger, Kai-Uwe
  3rd Conference on General Artificial Intelligence 2010
• Investigating Experimentally Problem Solving Strategies in Geometric Proportional Analogies
• A Study on Empirically Relevant Aspects for Qualitative Alignment of Sketch Maps
  Wang, J., Mülligann, C., Schwering, A.
  GIScience
• Aligning Sketch Maps and Metric Maps
  Wang, J.; Schwering, A.
  Geoinformatik 2010
• Sketching as Interface for VGI Systems
  Schwering, A.; Wang, J.
  Geoinformatik 2010
• Men to the East and Women to the Right: Wayfinding with Verbal Route Instructions
  Anacta,VJ and Schwering, A
  Spatial Cognition VII
• A Formal Logic Language for Sketch Representation and Analogy
  Wang Jia
  Doctoral Colloquium at GIScience 2010

2009

• Editorial of the Special Issue on Analogies - Integrating Cognitive Abilities
  Schwering, A.; Kühnberger, K.-U.; Kokinov, B.
  Cognitive Systems Research
• Syntactic Principles of Heuristic-Driven Theory Projection, Special Issue on Analogies - Integrating Cognitive Abilities
  Schwering, A.; Krumnack, U.; Kühnberger, K.-U.; Gust, H.
  Journal of Cognitive Systems Research
• A Hybrid Semantic Similarity Measure for Spatial Information Retrieval
  Schwering A, Kuhn W
  Journal of Spatial Cognition and Computation
• The recognition of sketches as a test case for complex computational cognition – position paper
  Schwering, A.; Krumnack, U.; Gust, H.; Kühnberger, K.-U.
  Workshop on Complex Cognition at the Künstliche Intelligenz 2009
• The Accuracy of Sketched Spatial Relations: How Cognitive Errors Influence Sketch Representation
  Wang, J.; Schwering, A.
  Workshop at COSIT 2009
• Spatial Cognition of Geometric Figures in the Context of Proportional Analogies
  Schwering A, Kühnberger K-U, Krumnack U, Gust H
  Conference on Spatial Information Theory (Cosit 09)
• Structural Alignment of Visual Stimuli Influences Human Object Categorization
  Stollinski, R.; Schwering, A.; Kühnberger, K.-U.; Krumnack, U.
  2nd International Analogy Conference (ANALOGY09)
• The Impact of Gestalt Principles on Solving Geometric Proportional Analogies
  Schwering, A., Bauer, C.; Đorčeva, I.; Gust, H.; Krumnack, U.; Kühnberger, K.U.
  2nd International Analogy Conference (ANALOGY09)
• Solving Geometric Proportional Analogies with the Analogy Model HDTP
  Schwering, A.; Gust, H.; Kühnberger, K.-U.; Krumnack, U.
  Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci09)
• The Role of Logic in AGI Systems: Towards a Lingua Franca for General Intelligence
  Gust, H.; Krumnack, U.; Schwering, A.; Kühnberger, K.-U.
  2nd Conference on Artificial General Intelligence (AGI09)
• A Computational Model for Visual Metaphors - Interpreting Creative Visual Advertisements
  Schwering, A.; Kühnberger, K.-U., Krumnack, U., Wandmacher, T.; Indurkhya, B.; Ojha, A.
  International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence (ICAART09)
• Special Issue on Analogies - Integrating Cognitive Abilities
• Formal Models of Analogy
  Kühnberger, K.-U.; Schwering, A.
  2nd International Analogy Conference (ANALOGY09)
• Computational Cognition of Spatial Objects, Member Abstract
  Schwering, A.
  Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci09)
• Graph-based registration of partial images of city maps using geometric hashing.
  Wachenfeld S, Broelemann K, Jiang X, Krüger A
  LNCS

2008

• Semantic Similarity Measurement and Geospatial Applications (Special Issue Editorial)
  Janowicz, K.; Raubal, M.; Schwering, A.; Kuhn, W.
  Transactions of Geographic Information Systems
• Child versus Adult Analogy: The Role of Systematicity and Abstraction in Analogy Models (invited commentary)
  Schwering, A.; Kühnberger, K.-U.
  Behavioral and Brain Sciences
• Approaches to Semantic Similarity Measurement between Geo-Spatial Data: A Survey (Review Article)
  Schwering, A.
  Transactions in Geographic Information Science
• Analogical Reasoning: A Core of Cognition
  Gust, H.; Kühnberger, K.-U.; Krumnack, U.; Schwering, A.
  Zeitschrift für Künstliche Intelligenz (KI)
• Human-Level Intelligence
  Gust, H.; Krumnack, U.; Kühnberger, K.-U.; Schwering, A.
  Zeitschrift für Künstliche Intelligenz (KI)
• Re-representation in a Logic-Based Model for Analogy Making
  Krumnack, U.; Gust, H.; Kühnberger, K.-U.; Schwering, A.
  AI 2008: Advances in Artificial Intelligence, 21st Australasian Artificial Intelligence Conference (AI-08)
• First Steps towards Re-representation in a Logic-Based Framework for Analogy Making
  Krumnack, U.; Gust, H.; Kühnberger, K.-U.; Schwering, A.
  23rd AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-08)
• Learning from Inconsistencies in an Integrated Cognitive Architecture
  Kühnberger, K.-U.; Geibel, P.; Gust, H.; Krumnack, U.; Ovchinnikova, E.; Schwering, A.; Wandmacher, T.
  1st Conference on Artificial General Intelligence (AGI08)
• Analogy as Integrating Framework for Human-Level Reasoning, Position Paper
  Schwering, A.; Krumnack, U.; Kühnberger, K.-U.; Gust, H.
  1st Conference on Artificial General Intelligence (AGI08)
• Special Issue on Semantic Similarity Measurement and Geospatial Applications
• Computational Cognition of Spatial Objects in Geometric Analogies
  Schwering, A.
  Symposium zu Raumkognition in künstlichen Systemen, Holger Schultheis und Thomas Barkowsky, 9 Fachtagung der Gesellschaft für Kognitionswissenschaft (KogWis2008)
• The Re-Representation Probelem in a Logic-Based Model for Analogy-Making
  Krumnack, U.; Gust, H.; Kühnberger, K.-U.; Schwering, A.
  23rd AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence
• Conceptual Spaces - The Geometry of Thought von Peter Gärdenfors, Buchrezension
  Schwering, A.
  In: Schmid, U. (Hrsg.): Zeitschrift für Künstliche Intelligenz (KI)), Themenheft KI und Kognition

2007

• The Influence of Scale, Context and Spatial Preposition in Linguistic Topology
  Lautenschütz A, Davies C, Raubal M, Schwering A, Pederson E
  International Conference on Spatial Cognition
• Restricted Higher-Order Anti-Unification for Analogy Making
  Krumnack, U.; Schwering, A.; Gust, H.; Kühnberger, K.-U.
  20th Australasian Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AI07)
• I-Cog: A Computational Framework for Integrated Cognition of Higher Cognitive Abilities
  Kühnberger, K.-U.; Wandmacher, T.; Schwering, A.; Ovchinnikova, E.; Krumnack, U.; Gust, H.; Geibel, P.
  6th Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (MICAI)
• Integrating Analogical and Inductive Learning at Different Levels of Generalization
  Gust, H.; Krumnack, U.; Kühnberger, K.-U.; Schwering, A.
  Workshop on Learning from Non-Vectorial Data (LNVD2007) auf der 30th Annual German Conference on Artificial Intelligence (KI07)
• Modeling Human-Level Intelligence by Integrated Cognition in a Hybrid Architecture
  Kühnberger, K.-U.; Wandmacher, T.; Schwering, A.; Ovchinnikova, E.; Krumnack, U.; Gust, H.; Geibel, P.
  Workshop on Foundations of Artificial Intelligence (FAInt07) auf der 30th Annual German Conference on Artificial Intelligence (KI07)
• Evaluation of a Semantic Similarity Measure for Natural Language Spatial Relations
  Schwering, A.
  Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT07)
• Using Gestalt Principles to Compute Analogies of Geometric Figures
  Schwering, A.; Krumnack, U.; Kühnberger, K.-U.; Gust, H.
  29th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci07)
• Analogical Reasoning with SMT and HDTP
  Schwering, A.; Krumnack, U.; Kühnberger, K.-U.; Gust, H.
  2nd European Cognitive Science Conference (EuroCogSci07)
• An Approach to the Semantics of Analogical Relations
  Gust, H.; Krumnack, U.; Kühnberger, K.-U.; Schwering, A.
  2nd European Cognitive Science Conference (EuroCogSci07)
• Semantic Similarity of Natural-Language Spatial Relations
  Schwering, A.
  Symposium: Spatial Reasoning and Communication at the International Conference on Artificial and Ambient Intelligence (AISB07)
• Semantic Similarity Measurement including Spatial Relations for Semantic Information Retrieval of Geo-Spatial Data
  Schwering, A.
• Analogies: Integrating Multiple Cognitive Abilities. Proceedings of the Workshop on Analogies: Integrating Multiple Cognitive Abilities (AnICA07)
  29th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci)
• Abstraction in Analogy
  Schwering, A.; Krumnack, U.; Gust, H.; Kühnberger, K.-U.
  Fachtagung der Gesellschaft für Kognitionswissenschaft (KogWis2007)
• Highly Interactive Environment (Conference on Spatial Information Theory 2007)
  Schwering, A.
  GEOinformatics Magazine

2006

• Semantic Similarity Measurement including Spatial Relations for Semantic Information Retrieval of Geo-Spatial Data
  Schwering, A.

2005

• Measuring Semantic Similarity between Geospatial Conceptual Regions
  Schwering A, Raubal M
  1st International Conference on GeoSpatial Semantics (GeoS 2005)
• Hybrid Model for Semantic Similarity Measurement
  Schwering, A.
  4th International Conference on Ontologies, Databases, and Applications of Semantics (ODBASE05)
• Spatial Relations for Semantic Similarity Measurement
  Schwering, A.; Raubal, M.
  Conference On Spatial Information Theory (COSIT05)

2004

• A Case Study for Semantic Translation of the Water Framework Directive and a Topographic Database
  Schwering, A.; Hart, G.
  7th Conference on Geographic Information Science (AGILE 04)
• Semantic Neighbourhood for Spatial Relations
  Schwering, A.
  3rd International Conference on Geographic Information Science (GIScience 04)

2003

• A Geographic Search - Ways to Structure Information On the Web
  Schwering, A.; Wagner, R. M.; Schneider, B.
  6th Conference on Geographic Information Science (AGILE 03)